Hot 100

21/06/2022 10:24

Hot 100 The week’s most popular songs, ranked by audio and video streaming activity on leading digital music services,radio airplay audience impressions based on monitored airplay and sales data, all compiled by MRC Data. Audience totals are derived, in part, using certain Nielsen Audio listener estimates.charts legends
hot 100

hot 100

Baby Keem, Sounwave, J.LBS, DJ DaHi, FNZ

The week's most popular artists across all genres, ranked by album and track sales as compiled by Luminate. Radio Airplay Audience impressions as compiled by Luminate. Streaming activity data from online sources tracked by Luminate. charts legends

Greatest of All Time Hot 100 Songs These all-time rankings are based on actual performance on the weekly Billboard Hot 100 (from its launch on Aug. 4, 1958 through Oct. 10, 2015) and Billboard 200 (from Aug. 17, 1963 — when we combined our two leading pop album album charts for stereo and mono releases into one all-encompassing weekly chart — through […]charts legendsJump to navigation Jump to search .mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote link .hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}"Hot 100" redirects here. For other uses, see Hot 100 (disambiguation).

The current Billboard Hot 100 logo

The Billboard Hot 100 is the music industry standard record chart in the United States for songs, published weekly by Billboard magazine. Chart rankings are based on sales (physical and digital), radio play, and online streaming in the United States.[1]

The weekly tracking period for sales was initially Monday to Sunday when Nielsen started tracking sales in 1991, but was changed to Friday to Thursday in July 2015. This tracking period also applies to compiling online streaming data. Radio airplay, which, unlike sales figures and streaming, is readily available on a real-time basis, is also tracked on a Friday to Thursday cycle effective with the chart dated July 17, 2021[2] (previously Monday to Sunday and before July 2015, Wednesday to Tuesday[3]). A new chart is compiled and officially released to the public by Billboard on Tuesdays but post-dated to the following Saturday.

The first number one song of the Billboard Hot 100 was "Poor Little Fool" by Ricky Nelson, on August 4, 1958.[4] As of the issue for the week ending on June 25, 2022, the Billboard Hot 100 has had 1,137 different number one entries. The chart's current number-one song is "As It Was" by Harry Styles.[5]

History

1958 iteration of the logo

Before 1955, Billboard's lead popularity chart was the Honor Roll of Hits, established in 1945. This chart ranked the most popular songs regardless of performer based on record and sheet sales, disk jockey, and jukebox performances as determined by Billboard's weekly nationwide survey. [6] At the start of the rock era in 1955, there were three charts that measured songs by individual metrics:[7]

Best Sellers in Stores was the first Billboard chart, established in 1940. This chart ranked the biggest selling singles in retail stores, as reported by merchants surveyed throughout the country (20 to 50 positions).
Most Played by Jockeys was Billboard's original airplay chart. It ranked the most played songs on United States radio stations, as reported by radio DJs and radio stations (20 to 25 positions).
Most Played in Jukeboxes ranked the most played songs in jukeboxes across the United States (20 positions). This was one of the main outlets of measuring song popularity with the younger generation of music listeners, as many radio stations resisted adding rock and roll music to their playlists for many years.

Although officially all three charts had equal "weight" in terms of their importance, Billboard retrospectively considers the Best Sellers in Stores chart when referencing a song's performance before the creation of the Hot 100.[8] On the week ending November 12, 1955, Billboard published The Top 100 for the first time. The Top 100 combined all aspects of a single's performance (sales, airplay and jukebox activity), based on a point system that typically gave sales (purchases) more weight than radio airplay. The Best Sellers in Stores, Most Played by Jockeys and Most Played in Jukeboxes charts continued to be published concurrently with the new Top 100 chart.

On June 17, 1957, Billboard discontinued the Most Played in Jukeboxes chart, as the popularity of jukeboxes waned and radio stations incorporated more and more rock-oriented music into their playlists. The week ending July 28, 1958, was the final publication of the Most Played by Jockeys and Top 100 charts, both of which had Perez Prado's instrumental version of "Patricia" ascending to the top.

On August 4, 1958, Billboard premiered one main all-genre singles chart: the Hot 100. The Hot 100 quickly became the industry standard and Billboard discontinued the Best Sellers In Stores chart on October 13, 1958.

The Billboard Hot 100 is still the standard by which a song's popularity is measured in the United States. The Hot 100 is ranked by radio airplay audience impressions as measured by Nielsen BDS, sales data compiled by Nielsen Soundscan (both at retail and digitally) and streaming activity provided by online music sources.[7]

There are several component charts that contribute to the overall calculation of the Hot 100. The most significant ones are:

Hot 100 Airplay: (per Billboard) approximately 1,000 stations, "composed of adult contemporary, RB, hip hop, country, rock, gospel, Latin and Christian formats, digitally monitored twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week. Charts are ranked by number of gross audience impressions, computed by cross-referencing exact times of radio airplay with Arbitron listener data."
Hot Singles Sales: (per Billboard) "the top selling singles compiled from a national sample of retail store, mass merchant and internet sales reports collected, compiled, and provided by Nielsen SoundScan." The chart is released weekly and measures sales of physical commercial singles. With the decline in sales of physical singles in the US, many songs that become number one on this chart often do not even chart on the Hot 100.
Digital Songs: Digital sales are tracked by Nielsen SoundScan and are included as part of a title's sales points.
Streaming Songs: a collaboration between Billboard, Nielsen SoundScan and National Association of Recording Merchandisers which measures the top streamed radio songs, on-demand songs and videos on leading online music services.

Compilation

The tracking week for sales, streaming and airplay begins on Friday and ends on Thursday (airplay used to have a tracking week from Monday to Sunday, but effective with the chart dated July 17, 2021, the week was adjusted to align with the other two metrics[2]). A new chart is compiled and officially released to the public by Billboard on Tuesday. Each chart is post-dated with the "week-ending" issue date four days after the charts are refreshed online (i.e., the following Saturday).[9] For example:

Friday, January 1 – tracking-week begins for sales, streaming and airplay
Thursday, January 7 – tracking-week ends for sales, streaming and airplay
Tuesday, January 12 – new chart released, with issue post-dated Saturday, January 16

Policy changes

The methods and policies by which this data is obtained and compiled have changed many times throughout the chart's history.

Although the advent of a singles music chart spawned chart historians and chart-watchers and greatly affected pop culture and produced countless bits of trivia, the main purpose of the Hot 100 is to aid those within the music industry: to reflect the popularity of the "product" (the singles, the albums, etc.) and to track the trends of the buying public. Billboard has (many times) changed its methodology and policies to give the most precise and accurate reflection of what is popular. A very basic example of this would be the ratio given to sales and airplay. During the Hot 100's early history, singles were the leading way by which people bought music. At times, when singles sales were robust, more weight was given to a song's retail points than to its radio airplay.

As the decades passed, the recording industry concentrated more on album sales than singles sales. Musicians eventually expressed their creative output in the form of full-length albums rather than singles, and by the 1990s many record companies stopped releasing singles altogether (see Album Cuts, below). Eventually, a song's airplay points were weighted more so than its sales. Billboard has adjusted the sales/airplay ratio many times to more accurately reflect the true popularity of songs.

Double-sided singles

Billboard has also changed its Hot 100 policy regarding "two-sided singles" several times. The pre-Hot 100 chart "Best Sellers in Stores" listed popular A- and-B-sides together, with the side that was played most often (based on its other charts) listed first. One of the most notable of these, but far from the only one, was Elvis Presley's "Don't Be Cruel" / "Hound Dog". During the Presley single's chart run, top billing was switched back and forth between the two sides several times. But on the concurrent "Most Played in Juke Boxes", "Most Played by Jockeys" and the "Top 100", the two songs were listed separately, as was true of all songs. With the initiation of the Hot 100 in 1958, A- and-B-sides charted separately, as they had on the former Top 100.

Starting with the Hot 100 chart for the week ending November 29, 1969, this rule was altered; if both sides received significant airplay, they were listed together. This started to become a moot point by 1972, as most major record labels solidified a trend they had started in the 1960s by putting the same song on both sides of the singles provided to radio.

More complex issues began to arise as the typical A-and-B-side format of singles gave way to 12 inch singles and maxi-singles, many of which contained more than one B-side. Further problems arose when, in several cases, a B-side would eventually overtake the A-side in popularity, thus prompting record labels to release a new single, featuring the former B-side as the A-side, along with a "new" B-side.

The inclusion of album cuts on the Hot 100 put the double-sided hit issues to rest permanently.

Album cuts

As many Hot 100 chart policies have been modified over the years, one rule always remained constant: songs were not eligible to enter the Hot 100 unless they were available to purchase as a single. However, on December 5, 1998, the Hot 100 changed from being a "singles" chart to a "songs" chart.[10] During the 1990s, a growing trend in the music industry was to promote songs to radio without ever releasing them as singles. It was claimed by major record labels that singles were cannibalizing album sales, so they were slowly phased out. During this period, accusations began to fly of chart manipulation as labels would hold off on releasing a single until airplay was at its absolute peak, thus prompting a top ten or, in some cases, a number one debut. In many cases, a label would delete a single from its catalog after only one week, thus allowing the song to enter the Hot 100, make a high debut and then slowly decline in position as the one-time production of the retail single sold out.

It was during this period that several popular mainstream hits never charted on the Hot 100, or charted well after their airplay had declined. During the period that they were not released as singles, the songs were not eligible to chart. Many of these songs dominated the Hot 100 Airplay chart for extended periods of time:

1995 The Rembrandts: "I'll Be There for You" (number one for eight weeks)
1996 No Doubt: "Don't Speak" (number one for 16 weeks)
1997 Sugar Ray featuring Super Cat: "Fly" (number one for six weeks)
1997 Will Smith: "Men in Black" (number one for four weeks)
1997 The Cardigans: "Lovefool" (number two for eight weeks)
1998 Natalie Imbruglia: "Torn" (number one for 11 weeks)
1998 Goo Goo Dolls: "Iris" (number one for 18 weeks)

As debate and conflicts occurred more and more often, Billboard finally answered the requests of music industry artists and insiders by including airplay-only singles (or "album cuts") in the Hot 100.

EPs

Extended play (EP) releases were listed by Billboard on the Hot 100 and in pre-Hot 100 charts (Top 100) until the mid-to-late 1960s. With the growing popularity of albums, it was decided to move EPs (which typically contain four to six tracks) from the Hot 100 to the Billboard 200, where they are included to this day.

Digital downloads, online streaming and bundles

Since February 12, 2005, the Billboard Hot 100 tracks paid digital downloads from such internet services as iTunes, Musicmatch, and Rhapsody. Billboard initially started tracking downloads in 2003 with the Hot Digital Tracks chart. However, these downloads did not count towards the Hot 100 and that chart (as opposed to Hot Digital Songs) counted each version of a song separately (the chart still exists today along with Hot Digital Songs). This was the first major overhaul of the Hot 100's chart formula since December 1998.

The change in methodology has shaken up the chart considerably, with some songs debuting on the chart strictly with robust online sales and others making drastic leaps. In recent years, several songs have been able to achieve 80-to-90 position jumps in a single week as their digital components were made available at online music stores. Since 2006, the all-time record for the biggest single-week upward movement was broken nine times.

In the issue dated August 11, 2007, Billboard began incorporating weekly data from streaming media and on-demand services into the Hot 100. The first two major companies to provide their statistics to Nielsen BDS on a weekly basis were AOL Music and Yahoo! Music.[11] On March 24, 2012, Billboard premiered its On-Demand Songs chart, and its data was incorporated into the equation that compiles the Hot 100.[12] This was expanded to a broader Streaming Songs chart in January 2013, which ranks web radio streams from services such as Spotify, as well as on-demand audio titles.[13] In February 2013, U.S. views for a song on YouTube were added to the Hot 100 formula. "Harlem Shake" was the first song to reach number one after the changes were made.[14]

In July 2020, Billboard announced that they would no longer allow sales of physical/digital bundles to be reported as digital sales. This refers to songs being bought along with merchandise, either from an artists website or through another vendor. The magazine stated that this was a tactic generally used by certain artists to boost their chart positions. Instead, such physical releases are now only counted when they are shipped to the consumer, rendering the tactic "ineffectual".[15]

Remixes

A growing trend in the early first decade of the 21st century was to issue a song as a "remix" that was so drastically different in structure and lyrical content from its original version that it was essentially a whole new song. Under normal circumstances, airplay points from a song's album version, "radio" mix and/or dance music remix, etc. were all combined and factored into the song's performance on the Hot 100, as the structure, lyrics and melody remained intact. Criticisms began when songs were being completely re-recorded to the point that they no longer resembled the original recording. The first such example of this scenario is Jennifer Lopez's "I'm Real". Originally entering the Hot 100 in its album version, a "remix" was issued in the midst of its chart run that featured rapper Ja Rule. This new version proved to be far more popular than the album version and the track was propelled to number one.

To address this issue, Billboard now separates airplay points from a song's original version and its remix, if the remix is determined to be a "new song". Since administering this new chart rule, several songs have charted twice, normally credited as "Part 1" and "Part 2". The remix rule is still in place.

Recurrents

Billboard, in an effort to allow the chart to remain as current as possible and to give proper representation to new and developing artists and tracks, has (since 1991) removed titles that have reached certain criteria regarding its current rank and number of weeks on the chart. Recurrent criteria have been modified several times and currently (as of 2015), a song is permanently moved to "recurrent status" if it has spent 20 weeks on the Hot 100 and fallen below position number 50. Additionally, descending songs are removed from the chart if ranking below number 25 after 52 weeks.[16] Exceptions are made to re-releases and sudden resurgence in popularity of tracks that have taken a very long time to gain mainstream success. These rare cases are handled on a case-by-case basis and ultimately determined by Billboard's chart managers and staff. Christmas songs have been a regular presence on the Hot 100 each December since the relaxation of recurrent rules, culminating in Mariah Carey's 1994 recording "All I Want for Christmas is You" reaching #1 on the chart in December 2019.[17]

Adjustment of tracking week

Billboard altered its tracking-week for sales, streaming and radio airplay in order to conform to a new Global Release Date, which now falls on Fridays in all major-market territories (United States product was formerly released on Tuesdays before June 2015). This modified tracking schedule took effect in the issue dated July 25, 2015.[3]

Year-end charts

Billboard's "chart year" runs from the first week of December to the final week in November. This altered calendar allows for Billboard to calculate year-end charts and release them in time for its final print issue in the last week of December.

Before Nielsen SoundScan, year-end singles charts were calculated by an inverse-point system based solely on a song's performance on the Hot 100 (for example, a song would be given one point for a week spent at position 100, two points for a week spent at position 99 and so forth, up to 100 points for each week spent at number one). Other factors including the total weeks a song spent on the chart and at its peak position were calculated into its year-end total.

After Billboard began obtaining sales and airplay information from Nielsen SoundScan, the year-end charts are now calculated by a very straightforward cumulative total of yearlong sales, streaming, and airplay points. This gives a more accurate picture of any given year's most popular tracks, as the points accrued by one song during its week at number one in March might be less than those accrued by another song reaching number three in January. Songs at the peak of their popularity at the time of the November/December chart-year cutoff many times end up ranked on the following year's chart as well, as their cumulative points are split between the two chart-years, but often are ranked lower than they would have been had the peak occurred in a single year.

Use in media

The Hot 100 served for many years as the data source for the weekly radio countdown show American Top 40. This relationship ended on November 30, 1991, as American Top 40 started using the airplay-only side of the Hot 100 (then called Top 40 Radio Monitor). The ongoing splintering of Top 40 radio in the early 1990s led stations to lean into specific formats, meaning that practically no station would play the wide array of genres that typically composed each weekly Hot 100 chart.

An artist or band's ability to have hits in the Hot 100 across multiple decades is recognized as a sign of longevity and being able to adapt to changing musical styles. Only five artists had a Hot 100 Top 40 hit in each of the four decades from the 1980s through the 2010s: Michael Jackson, Madonna, "Weird Al" Yankovic, U2, and Kenny G.[18] Mariah Carey is the first artist to have a number-one single in four different decades.[19]

Similar charts

A new chart, the Pop 100, was created by Billboard in February 2005 to answer criticism that the Hot 100 at the time was too dominated by hip hop and RB. It was discontinued in June 2009 due to the charts becoming increasingly similar.

The Canadian Hot 100 was launched June 16, 2007. Like the Hot 100 chart, it uses sales and airplay tracking compiled by Nielsen SoundScan and BDS.[20]

The Japan Hot 100 was launched in the issue dated May 31, 2008, using the same methodologies as the Hot 100 charts for the U.S. and Canada, using sales and airplay data from SoundScan Japan and radio tracking service Plantech.[21]

The Vietnamese edition of Hot 100, Billboard Vietnam Hot 100, was launched on January 14, 2022.[22]

Notes

.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman} ^ .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotesmw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}"Billboard Finalizes Changes to How Streams Are Weighted for Billboard Hot 100 Billboard 200". Billboard. May 1, 2018. Retrieved August 4, 2021.{{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) ^ a b Trust, Gary (July 12, 2021). "BTS' 'Butter' Leads Hot 100 for Seventh Week, Lil Nas X's 'Montero' Returns to Top Five". Billboard. Retrieved July 12, 2021. ^ a b "Billboard to Alter Chart Tracking Week for Global Release Date". Billboard. June 24, 2015. Retrieved June 24, 2015. ^ "Ricky Nelson Rules First-Ever Hot 100 with 'Poor Little Fool'". August 4, 2019. ^ Trust, Gary (June 20, 2022). "Harry Styles' 'As It Was' Holds Atop Billboard Hot 100, Joji's 'Glimpse of Us' Debuts at No. 10". Billboard. Retrieved June 20, 2022. ^ "Billboard Honor Roll of Hits Represents Culmination of Disk's Life on the Charts" (PDF). Billboard. April 24, 1954. p. 34. ^ a b Molanphy, Chris (August 1, 2013). "How The Hot 100 Became America's Hit Barometer". All Things Considered. NPR. Retrieved March 14, 2018. ^ "CHART BEAT CHAT 12/2/2005". billboard.com. Billboard Music. December 2, 2005. Archived from the original on September 28, 2015. Retrieved July 15, 2020. The main chart was Best Sellers in Stores, and that's the list Billboard uses as THE pre-Hot 100 chart. ^ "Billboard Chart Magazine Dates Now to Align Closer to Release Week". Billboard. December 19, 2017. Retrieved January 1, 2018. ^ "How The Hot 100 Became America's Hit Barometer". NPR. August 1, 2013. Retrieved August 2, 2017. ^ Mayfield, Geoff (August 4, 2007). "Billboard Hot 100 To Include Digital Streams". Billboard. Retrieved July 30, 2007. ^ Trust, Gary (March 14, 2012). "Hot 100 Impacted by New On-Demand Songs Chart". Billboard. Retrieved March 14, 2012. ^ Pietroluongo, Silvio (January 17, 2013). "New Dance/Electronic Songs Chart Launches With Will.i.am Britney at No. 1". Billboard. Retrieved February 19, 2012. ^ Sisario, Ben (February 20, 2013). "What's Billboard's No. 1? Now YouTube Has a Say". The New York Times. Retrieved February 20, 2013. ^ Eggertsen, Chris (July 13, 2020). "Billboard Announces New Chart Rules: No More Merch Ticket Bundles". Billboard. Retrieved July 16, 2020. ^ Trust, Gary (November 23, 2015). "Adele Tops Hot 100 for Fourth Week; Justin Bieber, Alessia Cara Hit Top 10". Billboard. Retrieved November 23, 2015. ^ "Wish Come True: Mariah Carey's 'All I Want for Christmas Is You' Hits No. 1 on Hot 100 After 25-Year Wait". Billboard. Retrieved December 17, 2019. ^ Trust, Gary (November 4, 2019). "Thanks to Kanye, Kenny G Is Just the Fifth Act With Hot 100 Top 40 Hits in Each of the Last Four Decades". Billboard. Retrieved November 6, 2019. ^ Trust, Gary (December 30, 2019). "Mariah Carey Becomes First Artist at No. 1 on Billboard Hot 100 in Four Decades, Thanks to 'All I Want for Christmas'". Billboard. Retrieved December 30, 2019. ^ "Billboard Launches Canadian Hot 100 Chart". Billboard. June 7, 2007. Retrieved June 4, 2010. ^ Trust, Gary (May 21, 2008). "Billboard Japan Hot 100 Finds Global Audience". Billboard. Retrieved June 4, 2010. ^ "Billboard Vietnam Hot 100". Billboard. January 20, 2022. Retrieved January 19, 2022.

References

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Bronson, Fred. Billboard Book of Number 1 Hits, 5th Edition (ISBN 0-8230-7677-6)
Feldman, Christopher G. The Billboard Book of No. 2 Singles (ISBN 0-8230-7695-4)
Whitburn, Joel. Top Pop Singles 1955-2008, 12 Edition (ISBN 0-89820-180-2)
Whitburn, Joel. The Billboard Pop Charts, 1955–1959 (ISBN 0-89820-092-X)
Whitburn, Joel. The Billboard Hot 100 Charts: The Sixties (ISBN 0-89820-074-1)
Whitburn, Joel. The Billboard Hot 100 Charts: The Seventies (ISBN 0-89820-076-8)
Whitburn, Joel. The Billboard Hot 100 Charts: The Eighties (ISBN 0-89820-079-2)
Whitburn, Joel. The Billboard Hot 100 Charts: The Nineties (ISBN 0-89820-137-3)

External links

Official website

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Lists of Billboard number-one singles1940–1959

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1955
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1959

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2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
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2020s

История и методика

См. также: Список синглов № 1 в США (Billboard) § Общая методика подсчёта

Первоначально Billboard публиковал три различных хит-парада песен. Хит-парад Best Sellers in Stores, традиционно считающийся предшественником и прообразом нынешнего чарта, был основан на продажах синглов. Хит-парад Most Playes by Jockeys базировался на том, сколько раз та или иная композиция была прокручена на американских радиостанциях за истекшую неделю. Хит-парад Most Played in Jukeboxes рассчитывался исходя из количества заказов той или иной песни в музыкальных автоматах, которые были весьма популярны в Штатах в 1940-е и 1950-е.

12 ноября 1955 года все три хит-парада были объединены в The Top 100. Своё нынешнее название чарт получил в 1958 году, когда из методики подсчёта популярности были исключены ротация на радиостанциях и в музыкальных автоматах. Фактически, вплоть до 1998 года, хит-парад был основан исключительно на результатах продаж синглов в музыкальных магазинах США.

Традиционная методика стала подвергаться критике в 1990-е годы, когда стало очевидно, что далеко не все самые популярные песни выпускаются звукозаписывающими компаниями на синглах (особенно если задачей компании является раскрутка альбома в целом). Скажем, композиция «Don’t Speak» группы No Doubt в течение 16 недель лидировала в чартах, основанных на количестве проигрываний песен на радиостанциях, но так и не была выпущена отдельным синглом.

В 1998 году журнал вновь стал учитывать популярность песен на радиостанциях при составлении чарта, а слово «синглы» в названии хит-парада было заменено на «песни». С 2003 года при составлении хит-парада также учитываются результаты сетевых продаж в интернет-магазинах. В конце каждого года составляется итоговый хит-парад.

Очередные перемены в методике составления чарта произошли в 2012—2013 годах. Сначала в Hot 100 стали учитываться прослушивания по платной подписке на стриминговых сервисах Spotify и Rdio, а с февраля 2013 года также просмотры на видеохостинге YouTube. В результате последнего изменения на первой неделе после него чарт возглавил трек Бауэра «Harlem Shake» — звуковое сопровождение одноимённого интернет-мема[1].

Компиляция

Для компиляции еженедельного хит-парада используется следующий трекинг времени. Неделя отслеживания продаж (sales), потоковой передачи (streaming) и радиоэфиров (airplay) начинается в пятницу и заканчивается в следующий четверг (раньше радиоэфиры отслеживались с понедельника по воскресенье, но начиная с чарта от 17 июля 2021 года неделя была скорректирована для согласования с двумя другими показателями[2]). Новый чарт составляется и официально публикуется в Billboard во вторник. Каждый чарт имеет дату выпуска с «окончанием недели» через четыре дня после премьеры их в Интернете (то есть в следующую субботу)[3].

Рекуррентный статус

Для того, чтобы чарт оставался как можно более актуальным и давал должное представление новым и развивающимся исполнителям и трекам, Billboard с 1991 года начал удалять из него песни, которые достигли определенных критериев относительно его текущего рейтинга и количества недель нахождения в хит-параде. Рекуррентные критерии менялись несколько раз, и в настоящее время (на 2022 год) песня навсегда перемещается в «Рекуррентный (возвратный) статус» («recurrent status»), если она провела 20 недель в Hot 100 и опустилась ниже 50-й позиции. Кроме того, нисходящие песни удаляются из чарта, если они занимают место ниже 25 после 52 недель. Снова попасть наверх удавалось немногих хитам, а в Топ-10 за всю историю повторно смогли попасть только 8 песен[4][5]. Исключения сделаны для переизданий и внезапного возрождения популярности треков, которым потребовалось очень много времени, чтобы добиться массового успеха. Эти редкие случаи рассматриваются в индивидуальном порядке и в конечном итоге определяются менеджерами и персоналом Billboard. Рождественские песни регулярно появляются в Hot 100 каждый декабрь с тех пор, как были смягчены правила возвратов, кульминацией которых стала запись Мэрайи Кэри 1994 года «All I Want for Christmas Is You», занявшая первое место в хит-параде в декабре 2019 года[6]. Песни также удаляются из жанровых чартов Hot RB/Hip-Hop Songs, Hot Country Songs, Hot Rock Alternative Songs, Hot Latin Songs, Hot Christian Songs, Hot Gospel Songs и Dance/Electronic Songs через 20 недель, если рейтинг их ниже 25-го места[7].

Статистика по исполнителям

Основная статья: Список рекордов Billboard Hot 100

Архив хит-парада за предыдущие десятилетия является довольно точным показателем популярности того или иного исполнителя в США. Наибольшее количество песен на первом месте принадлежит следующим исполнителям:

Число
синглов № 1 Артист «Большой» хит
(По числу недель на вершине чарта) 20 The Beatles «Hey Jude» (9 недель) 19 Элвис Пресли «Don't Be Cruel»/«Hound Dog» (11 недель) Мэрайя Кэри «One Sweet Day» (дуэт с Boyz II Men) (16 недель) 14 Рианна «We Found Love» (feat. Кельвин Харрис) (10 недель) 13 Майкл Джексон «Billie Jean» и «Black or White» (по 7 недель) 12 The Supremes «Baby Love» (3 недели) Мадонна «Take a Bow» (7 недель) 11 Уитни Хьюстон «I Will Always Love You» (14 недель) 10 Стиви Уандер «Ebony and Ivory» (дуэт с Полом Маккартни) (7 недель) Джанет Джексон «That's the Way Love Goes» (8 недель) 9 Bee Gees «Night Fever» (8 недель) Элтон Джон «Candle in the Wind 1997»/«Something About the Way You Look Tonight» (14 недель) Пол Маккартни «Ebony and Ivory» (дуэт со Стиви Уандером) (7 недель) Ашер «Yeah!» (feat. Лил Джон Ludacris) (12 недель) Кэти Перри «I Kissed a Girl» (7 недель)

Больше всех песен в десятке приходится на долю Мадонны — 38, из них шесть достигли второго места, но не смогли подняться на вершину хит-парада. Первым синглом, который дебютировал сразу на первом месте, был хит Майкла Джексона «You Are Not Alone» (2 сентября 1995). Впоследствии дебюты на первом месте стали довольно обычным явлением. Майклу Джексону принадлежит и другой рекорд: пять песен из его альбома Bad были выпущены в качестве отдельных синглов и все они достигли первого места в чартах (позднее это достижение повторила Кэти Перри).

Самый пожилой исполнитель, возглавивший хит-парад, — Луи Армстронг: ему было 62 года, когда в 1964 году песня «Hello, Dolly!» поднялась на вершину. Среди женщин аналогичный рекорд творческого долголетия принадлежит Шер: ей было 53 года, когда сингл «Believe» возглавил хит-парад. Уникально также достижение Элтона Джона: в промежутке между 1970 и 1999 годами не было ни одного года, когда бы его композиции отсутствовали в списке сорока лучших песен США. Самым удачливым композитором является Пол Маккартни: 32 написанные им песни возглавляли хит-парад в разные годы (как правило, в исполнении его самого либо The Beatles). Самым большим неудачником считается Джеймс Браун: девяносто девять его песен попали в хит-парад, но ни одна из них не смогла достичь самой вершины.

В апреле 1964 года, в разгар битломании, The Beatles оккупировали все пять верхних позиций хит-парада. Другой пример необычайного всплеска популярности — «короли диско» Bee Gees: в течение 25 из первых 32 недель 1978 года их песни находились на вершине хит-парада (некоторые из них в исполнении других певцов). Более свежий пример — популярность Ашера, который находился на вершине больше половины 2004 года (28 недель) с тремя композициями подряд и четвёртой, выпущенной несколько позднее.

Статистика по песням

По состоянию на февраль 2011 года на вершине хит-парада за всю его историю побывало 1000 песен. Юбилейным тысячным хитом на вершине чарта стала песня Леди Гаги «Born This Way»[8][9]. Если во второй половине 1980-х годов редкая композиция была на вершине хит-парада больше двух недель (и ни одна — больше четырёх), в 1990-е годы обычной стала практика, когда каждый сингл был вершине по 8—12 недель. В 1995—1996 годах песня Мэрайи Кэри и Boyz II Men «One Sweet Day» установила рекорд — 16 недель на первом месте, а в 2017 году его повторил ремикс на хит Луиса Фонси и Дэдди Янки «Despacito», записанный при участии Джастина Бибера. С 1956 по 1992 год этот рекорд принадлежал синглу Элвиса Пресли «Hound Dog» (11 недель, 1956), с 1992 по 1996 год — Уитни Хьюстон с песней «I Will Always Love You» (14 недель, 1992). В 2019 году рекорд Мерайи пал руками сингла Лил Нас Икса «Old Town Road», продержавшегося на вершине 19 недель (1 сольно и 18 ремиксом при участии Билли Рей Сайруса). Самое длительное пребывание на втором месте было зафиксировано в 1995 году (Уитни Хьюстон, «Exhale [Shoop Shoop]», 11 недель), которое впоследствии повторила песня «Good 4 U» (2021) Оливии Родриго. Но позже песня «Stay» (2021—2022) от The Kid LAROI и Джастина Бибера обновила этот рекорд до 14 недель. Дольше всех оставался в хит-параде сингл The Weekend «Blinding Lights» (90 недель, 2019—2021), он добрался до 1 места и продержался там 4 недели (с перерывами).

Рождественский шлягер Бинга Кросби «White Christmas» перевыпускался девять раз и каждый раз попадал в хит-парад, став в результате самым продаваемым синглом в истории. Наиболее часто перепеваемой композицией является «Unchained Melody»: она попадала в хит-парад в исполнении девяти разных исполнителей.

См. также

Список синглов № 1 в США (Billboard) (Синглы № 1 в 2020 году)
Исполнители, одновременно возглавлявшие хит-парады США и Великобритании

Примечания

↑ Young, Alex. YouTube plays now a factor for Billboard Singles Chart (англ.) (недоступная ссылка). Consequence of Sound (21 февраля 2013). Дата обращения: 21 февраля 2013. Архивировано 9 марта 2013 года. ↑ Trust, Gary BTS' 'Butter' Leads Hot 100 for Seventh Week, Lil Nas X's 'Montero' Returns to Top Five. Billboard (July 12, 2021). Дата обращения: 12 июля 2021. Архивировано 12 июля 2021 года. ↑ “Billboard Chart Magazine Dates Now to Align Closer to Release Week”. Billboard. December 19, 2017. Архивировано из оригинала 2019-04-13. Дата обращения January 1, 2018. Используется устаревший параметр |deadlink= (справка).mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotesmw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em} ↑ Trust, Gary (November 23, 2015). “Adele Tops Hot 100 for Fourth Week; Justin Bieber, Alessia Cara Hit Top 10”. Billboard. Архивировано из оригинала 2015-11-24. Дата обращения November 23, 2015. Используется устаревший параметр |deadlink= (справка) ↑ Zelliner, Xander (7 июня 2022). “Every Song to Re-Enter the Billboard Hot 100 in the Top 10”. Billboard. Архивировано из оригинала 2022-06-08. Дата обращения 9 июня 2019. Используется устаревший параметр |deadlink= (справка) ↑ “Wish Come True: Mariah Carey's 'All I Want for Christmas Is You' Hits No. 1 on Hot 100 After 25-Year Wait”. Billboard. Архивировано из оригинала 2020-01-01. Дата обращения 17 December 2019. Используется устаревший параметр |deadlink= (справка) ↑ “Billboard Charts Legend. (Recurrent Rules)”. Billboard. Архивировано из оригинала 2022-06-08. Дата обращения 9 июня 2019. Используется устаревший параметр |deadlink= (справка) ↑ Trust, Gary. Lady Gaga Claims 1,000th Hot 100 No. 1 with ‘Born This Way’. 'Billboard'. Nielson Business Media, Inc (16 февраля 2011). Дата обращения: 29 октября 2012. Архивировано 20 октября 2009 года. ↑ Песня Леди Гаги стала тысячным лидером чарта Billboard (недоступная ссылка). Lenta.ru (17 февраля 2011). Дата обращения: 29 октября 2012. Архивировано 15 июля 2012 года.

Литература

Fred Bronson's Billboard Book of Number 1 Hits, 5th Edition (ISBN 0-8230-7677-6)
Joel Whitburn's Top Pop Singles 1955—2008, 12th Edition (ISBN 0-89820-180-2)
Joel Whitburn Presents the Billboard Pop Charts, 1955—1959 (ISBN 0-89820-092-X)
Joel Whitburn Presents the Billboard Hot 100 Charts: The Sixties (ISBN 0-89820-074-1)
Joel Whitburn Presents the Billboard Hot 100 Charts: The Seventies (ISBN 0-89820-076-8)
Joel Whitburn Presents the Billboard Hot 100 Charts: The Eighties (ISBN 0-89820-079-2)
Joel Whitburn Presents the Billboard Hot 100 Charts: The Nineties (ISBN 0-89820-137-3)
Joel Whitburn Presents the Billboard Hot 100 Charts: The 2000s (ISBN 0-89820-182-9)

Ссылки

Hot-100 (The week’s most popular current songs). Billboard. — Хит-парад на этой неделе. Дата обращения: 14 июня 2018 года.
Gary Trust. Ask Billboard: How Does The Hot 100 Work?. Billboard (September 29, 2013).
How The Hot 100 Became America's Hit Barometer. NPR (August 1, 2013). Дата обращения: 2 августа 2017.
1000 No. 1s. Billboard. — Список всех 1000 синглов № 1 1952—2011 годов с видеоклипами по годам. Дата обращения: 29 октября 2012.
Music Charts (недоступная ссылка). Billboard. — Top-100 лучших синглов по годам. Дата обращения: 29 октября 2012. Архивировано 3 сентября 2006 года.
Chart Rewind (недоступная ссылка). Billboard. — Этот день в музыке и хит-парады прошлых лет. Дата обращения: 29 октября 2012. Архивировано 31 октября 2005 года.

Список синглов № 1 в США (Billboard)1940–1959

1940-е
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959

1960–1979

1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

1980–1999

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999

2000–2019

2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019

2020–2039

2020
2021
2022

См. также

Billboard Year-End
Список рекордов Billboard Hot 100

Лучшие синглы США Billboard Hot 100 по годам

1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959

1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969

1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979

1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989

1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999

2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019

2020
2021

Хит-парады BillboardАльбомыBillboard 200

Billboard Comprehensive Albums (упразднён)
Top Pop Catalog Albums

RB/Hip-Hop

Top RB/Hip-Hop Albums
Rap Albums

Rock

Folk Albums

Country

Top Country Albums
- Country Catalog

Latin

Latin Albums
Regional Mexican Albums
Latin Pop Albums
Tropical Albums

Религиозные

Christian Albums

Другие

Top Heatseekers
Dance/Electronic Albums
Independent Albums
Kid Albums

Международные

Canadian Albums
European Albums

Синглы и трекиHot 100

Radio Songs
Digital Songs
Digital Tracks
Hot Singles Sales
Streaming Songs
On-Demand Songs
Bubbling Under Hot 100

Pop

Pop Songs
Adult Top 40
Adult Contemporary
Pop 100 (упразднён)
Pop 100 Airplay (упразднён)
Top 40 Tracks (упразднён)

Rock

Alternative Songs
Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks
Rock Songs

Country

Hot Country Songs
Country Airplay

RB/Hip-Hop

Hot RB/Hip-Hop Songs
Hot RB/Hip-Hop Airplay
Hot RB/Hip-Hop Singles Sales
Bubbling Under RB/Hip-Hop Singles
Hot Rap Songs
Hot RB Songs
Hot Rap Singles (упразднён)

Dance

Hot Dance Club Songs
Hot Dance Airplay
Hot Dance Singles Sales
Hot Dance/Electronic Digital Songs

Latin

Hot Latin Songs, Latin Pop Airplay, Regional Mexican, Tropical Songs, Rhythm Airplay

Религиозные

Christian Songs

Другие

Rhythmic Airplay Chart
Ringtones
Hot RingMasters
Uncharted

Международные

Canadian Hot 100
Billboard Global 200
European Hot 100 (упразднён)
Euro Digital Songs
Japan Hot 100
Korea K-Pop Hot 100
Brasil Hot 100 Airplay
Türkiye Top 20 (упразднён)

Списки # 1

Billboard 200
Dance/Electronic Albums
Country Albums
Hot 100
Hot 100 Airplay
Top 40 Mainstream
Hot Country Songs
Hot Dance Club Songs
Hot Dance Airplay
Dance/Electronic Songs
Hot Alternative Tracks
Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks
Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks
Hot RB/Hip-Hop Songs
Rhythmic Airplay
Korea K-Pop Hot 100
Year-end Top 100 Singles

См. также

Hot 100 50th Anniversary Charts
Billboard Radio Monitor (упразднён)
Список рекордов Billboard Hot 100
Список кантри-рекордов Billboard
RR (упразднён)
Billboard Türkiye
Billboard Brasil
Billboard En Español
Music Media (упразднён)

Источник — https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Billboard_Hot_100oldid=123377455

Звезды

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Hot 100

History

Compilation

Policy changes

Double-sided singles

Album cuts

EPs

Digital downloads, online streaming and bundles

Remixes

Recurrents

Adjustment of tracking week

Year-end charts

Use in media

Similar charts

See also

Notes

References

External links

История и методика

Компиляция

Рекуррентный статус

Статистика по исполнителям

Статистика по песням

См. также

Примечания

Литература

Ссылки

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